Scientific Name: Swietenia macrophylla (Genuine Mahogany), Khaya spp. (African Mahogany)
Origin: Genuine Mahogany originates from Central and South America, while African Mahogany comes from various regions in West and Central Africa.
CITES Status: Swietenia macrophylla is listed under CITES Appendix II (restrictions on international trade); Khaya spp. is not currently CITES-listed.
Use in Guitar Making
Mahogany is widely used for acoustic and electric guitar bodies, necks, and backs and sides. It is favoured for its balanced properties, ease of workability, and reliability in structural components. Mahogany necks are especially common due to their strength and stability.
Tonal Properties
Mahogany produces a warm, focused tone with a strong midrange response. It tends to emphasize fundamental frequencies rather than overtones, giving it a direct and punchy sound. This makes it particularly suitable for blues, folk, and rock styles.
Hardness and Workability
Janka Hardness Rating: Approximately 900 lbf (4,000 N) for Genuine Mahogany; 1,070 lbf (4,800 N) for African Mahogany
Mahogany is a medium-density hardwood that is relatively easy to work with. It cuts, sands, and finishes well, making it a preferred choice for both handbuilders and factory production.
Grain Structure and Porosity
Mahogany features a straight to interlocked grain with a fine to medium texture. It has an open grain structure, requiring grain filling for a smooth, polished finish. African Mahogany can sometimes exhibit more variation in grain figure.
Sustainability and Ethical Considerations
Genuine Mahogany is regulated under CITES to prevent overharvesting. Many manufacturers now source it from certified sustainable plantations. African Mahogany remains a more accessible alternative due to its similar properties and wider availability.
Mahogany continues to be a cornerstone in guitar construction, offering versatility, stability, and a timeless tonal character. Its sustainability will rely on responsible forestry practices and alternative sourcing solutions.
