Scientific Name: Acacia koa
Origin: Native to Hawaii, primarily found on the Big Island.
CITES Status: Not currently listed under CITES regulations, but its availability is limited due to restricted harvesting.
Use in Guitar Making
Koa is used for acoustic guitar tops, backs, and sides, as well as electric guitar bodies. It is highly regarded for its striking appearance and tonal properties, making it a favourite among custom builders and premium guitar manufacturers. Some luthiers also use it for necks and fingerboards.
Tonal Properties
Koa has a tonal character that evolves over time. Initially, it provides a bright and articulate sound, similar to maple. As the wood matures, it develops warmth and richness, blending the characteristics of mahogany and rosewood. It is highly responsive to playing dynamics, making it a preferred choice for fingerstyle and nuanced playing styles.
Hardness and Workability
Janka Hardness Rating: Approximately 1,170 lbf (5,200 N)
Koa is a medium-density hardwood that is relatively easy to work with, though it can be prone to chipping when planed. It glues and finishes well, with its natural oils contributing to a lustrous final appearance.
Grain Structure and Porosity
Koa has a fine to medium texture with a generally straight grain, though figured varieties such as curly koa exhibit beautiful, wavy patterns. It has a moderately open grain, sometimes requiring filling before finishing.
Sustainability and Ethical Considerations
Koa is primarily sourced from fallen or dead trees, as Hawaiian forestry laws restrict the cutting of live koa trees. Sustainable reforestation efforts are underway to ensure long-term availability, though high-quality koa remains limited and expensive.
Koa remains a prized tonewood in high-end guitar making, offering a unique blend of aesthetic beauty, tonal evolution, and cultural significance. Its rarity and limited supply make it a highly sought-after material for discerning players and collectors.
